Numbers

Square Root Calculator

Calculate the square root of any number with step-by-step working. Recognises perfect squares, simplifies surds (e.g. √72 = 6√2), and gives decimal results for non-perfect squares.

√72

8.4853

How it works

  1. Set up the square root

    72\sqrt{72}

    The square root of 72 is the number which, when multiplied by itself, equals 72.

  2. Simplify the surd

    72=36×2=62\sqrt{72} = \sqrt{36 \times 2} = 6\sqrt{2}

    72 = 6² × 2. So √72 = 6√2.

  3. Decimal approximation

    728.485281\sqrt{72} \approx 8.485281

    72 is not a perfect square, so √72 is an irrational number. To 6 decimal places: 8.485281.

    Result:8.485281

The formula

nor simplified: ab\sqrt{n} \qquad \text{or simplified: } a\sqrt{b}
nnThe number under the square root
aba√bSimplified surd form, where b has no perfect square factors

Example substitution

72=36×2=628.4853\sqrt{72} = \sqrt{36 \times 2} = 6\sqrt{2} \approx 8.4853

Find the largest perfect square factor: 36. √72 = √36 × √2 = 6√2.

Worked examples

Find the square root of 144.

  1. 1
    Perfect square?: 12 × 12 = 144 ✓
  2. 2
    Result: √144 = 12 (exact)
Answer: 12

Find and simplify √50.

  1. 1
    Largest sq factor: 25 (25 × 2 = 50)
  2. 2
    Simplify: √50 = √25 × √2 = 5√2
Answer: 5√2 ≈ 7.0711

Find and simplify √200.

  1. 1
    Largest sq factor: 100 (100 × 2 = 200)
  2. 2
    Simplify: √200 = √100 × √2 = 10√2
Answer: 10√2 ≈ 14.1421

Frequently asked questions

What is a square root?+

The square root of a number n is the value that, when multiplied by itself, gives n. Written as √n.

What is √144?+

√144 = 12, because 12 × 12 = 144.

What is √2 as a decimal?+

√2 ≈ 1.41421356... It is an irrational number — it cannot be expressed as a fraction.

What are perfect squares?+

Numbers whose square roots are whole numbers: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100...

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